Social Work Examination Services (SWES) Human Behavior Practice Test

What was one of Anna Freud's contributions to psychology?

1. Defenses are always pathological

2. Defenses are coping mechanisms but can also be pathological

3. Psychological issues are solely biological

4. Child development is not influenced by parents

The correct answer is: Defenses are coping mechanisms but can also be pathological

One of Anna Freud's significant contributions to psychology is the understanding of defenses as both coping mechanisms and potential sources of pathology. She expanded on her father's work in psychoanalysis by emphasizing that while defense mechanisms serve to protect the ego from anxiety and conflict, they can also lead to maladaptive behaviors when overused or employed inappropriately. This nuanced view acknowledges that defenses are not inherently negative but can vary in their utility depending on the context and the individual’s development. This understanding is crucial in the field of psychology, especially in therapeutic settings, where recognizing the function of defense mechanisms can guide interventions and foster healthier coping strategies. Other choices overlook the complexity of psychological functioning and development. For instance, suggesting that defenses are always pathological ignores their adaptive roles in managing stress. Similarly, believing that psychological issues are solely biological neglects the interplay between biological, psychological, and social factors. Lastly, stating that child development is not influenced by parents dismisses the critical role of familial dynamics in shaping a child's emotional and psychological growth. Anna Freud's insights highlight a more balanced and integrative approach to understanding human behavior.